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--- barkoulas2016 [2017/04/16 14:35] – 5omw78
+++ barkoulas2016 [2017/05/08 12:55] (current) – 5omw78
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-===== Evolution of New cis-Regulatory Motifs Required for Cell-Specific Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis. =====
+===== cis-regulatory motifs =====
+**Evolution of New cis-Regulatory Motifs Required for Cell-Specific Gene Expression in Caenorhabditis**
 Barkoulas et al. PLoS Genet 2016 Sep; 12(9):e1006278\\
 PMID: 27588814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006278\\
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 Comparative studies have shown that changes in cis-regulatory sequences contribute to gene expression differences. However, cis evolution may also occur without altering gene expression.
-In this paper, authors have investigated the regulation of //lin-3// (EGF-family) in Rhabditidae nematode species, and report significant cis changes within a 58-bp cell-specific enhancer fragment even though the enhancer activates lin-3 expression in a conserved manner. //lin-3// was originally identified in Caenorhabditis elegans and shown to encode for a secreted EGF ligand that induces vulva formation. The ligand is produced by a specialized cell in the gonad, termed anchor cell. The findings show that the 58-bp region has undergone cis evolutionary changes in nematodes, resulting in the turnover of major transcription factor binding sites. Heterologous transgene expression studies involving //C. elegans// and two distant species //C. angaria// and //C. afra// uncovered compensatory evolution in //lin-3// enhancer. What makes this work more interesting is the in vivo quantification of cell-specific transcription and the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology in a multicellular organism to manipulate endogenous gene expression.
+In this paper, authors have investigated the regulation of //lin-3// (EGF-family) in Rhabditidae nematode species, and report significant cis changes within a 58-bp cell-specific enhancer fragment even though the enhancer activates lin-3 expression in a conserved manner.
+=== ===
+//lin-3// was originally identified in //Caenorhabditis elegans// and shown to encode for a secreted EGF ligand that induces vulva formation. The ligand is produced by a specialized cell in the gonad, termed anchor cell. The findings show that the 58-bp region has undergone cis evolutionary changes in nematodes, resulting in the turnover of major transcription factor binding sites. Heterologous transgene expression studies involving //C. elegans// and two distant species //C. angaria// and //C. afra// uncovered compensatory evolution in //lin-3// enhancer.
+What makes this work more interesting is the //in vivo// quantification of cell-specific transcription and the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology in a multicellular organism to manipulate endogenous gene expression.